Already happens where I live. For instance: Chicago has some of the highest sales-tax in the country (which unfortunately hurts the less affluent more than it extracts from the wealthiest); Cook County has some of the highest alcohol taxation in the country, but more especially as regards liquor and wine (while beer is much less tithed by volume); and for restaurants in the Loop (where tourist, finance worker, and wealthier-resident dollars are concentrated), there is an additional tax not assessed outside of downtown.
Unfortunately, Rahm Emanuel is a horrible man who's continued a trend of disastrous privatization of civic services (began by Daley II with parking spaces; extended with tripling-down on charter schools, along with CTA fare-system overhauls, under Emanuel). Here's a nod to all you who say increased revenues are not enough—but note that in each case services that were decently (though not perfectly) operated by the government were spun off into corporate land to terrible results: less efficiency, more cost to the taxpayer, and lost (non-tax) revenues formerly earned by the city/county.