Here's my guess: We lose Maitan, Bae, Waters, any J2 signing of significance, as well as our 2018 first round pick. We're banned from international signings for 2 years and are fined in the neighborhood of $10 million.
This would be an insane punishment but I could see it happening. MLB knows that there is a huge amount of rule breaking in the international market. They instituted new rules to get some parity and we're seeing teams (including the Braves) cheating to get around these rules.
I think the Braves offer MLB the perfect chance to make an example. They'd never make an example out of one of their sacred cows (Red Sox, Yankees, Cubs, or Dodgers). Smaller clubs like the Royals or Marlins aren't high enough profile to make a good example and would also be disproportionately hurt by sanctions.
Enter the Braves. They commit some, apparently, pretty flagrant violations. The team is relatively high profile thanks to decades being broadcast nationally and unrivaled success in the 90s. But they aren't one of the sacred cows. Additionally, the Braves have a top farm system which makes them better able to absorb a massive hit without becoming a smoking crater and have sufficient revenues to pay a high fine.
I think the Braves are too tempting a target and MLB wants to send a message to the rest of the league too bad to miss this chance. I think they hit us with everything they've got.