Not always.
For example, after peaking near 1500 in August 2000 the S&P500 dropped to around 830 February 2003 and didn't return to its previous peak until May 2007.
There are other exceptions. The October 1973 peak was not seen again until January 1980.
That was due to systemic issues within the financial markets (CDO on sub prime mortgages). This was just due to an external event that was not lasting.